Mutations in Genes Encoding Sorting Nexins Alter Production of Intracellular and Extracellular Proteases in 'Aspergillus nidulans'

Abstract

XprG, a putative p53-like transcriptional activator, regulates production of extracellular proteases in response to nutrient limitation and may also have a role in programmed cell death. To identify genes that may be involved in the XprG regulatory pathway, 'xprG2' revertants were isolated and shown to carry mutations in genes which we have named 'sogA-C' (suppressors of 'xprG'). The translocation breakpoint in the 'sogA1' mutant was localized to a homolog of 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae VPS5' and mapping data indicated that 'sogB' was tightly linked to a 'VPS17' homolog. Complementation of the 'sogA1' and 'sogB1' mutations and identification of nonsense mutations in the 'sogA2' and 'sogB1' alleles confirmed the identification. Vps17p and Vps5p are part of a complex involved in sorting of vacuolar proteins in yeast and regulation of cell-surface receptors in mammals. Protease zymograms indicate that mutations in 'sogA-C' permit secretion of intracellular proteases, as in 'S. cerevisiae vps5' and 'vps17' mutants. In contrast to 'S. cerevisiae', the production of intracellular protease was much higher in the mutants. Analysis of serine protease gene expression suggests that an XprG-independent mechanism for regulation of extracellular protease gene expression in response to carbon starvation exists and is activated in the pseudorevertants.