A critical analysis of the diverging anti-doping policies of Belgium and the Netherlands and their effect on performance and image enhancing drugs markets

Abstract

In the mid 2000's sport authorities (i.e. WADA) began to blame the high amount of consumption of performance and image enhancing drugs (PIEDs) on (mafia type) organised crime. According to the officials these alleged mafia-like groups are not only a threat to sport but also to society as a whole. Subsequently, a picture is painted which suggests that highly organised and well-financed individuals and groups are preying on the success of athletes and luring youngsters into using PIEDs to serve their own economic interests.