Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/12048
Title: Biochar Carbon Stability in a Clayey Soil As a Function of Feedstock and Pyrolysis Temperature
Contributor(s): Singh, Bhupinder Pal  (author); Cowie, Annette  (author); Smernik, Ronald J (author)
Publication Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1021/es302545b
Handle Link: https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/12048
Abstract: The stability of biochar carbon (C) is the major determinant of its value for long-term C sequestration in soil. A long-term (5 year) laboratory experiment was conducted under controlled conditions using 11 biochars made from five C3 biomass feedstocks (Eucalyptus saligna wood and leaves, papermill sludge, poultry litter, cow manure) at 400 and/or 550 °C. The biochars were incubated in a vertisol containing organic C from a predominantly C4-vegetation source, and total CO₂-C and associated δ¹³C were periodically measured. Between 0.5% and 8.9% of the biochar C was mineralized over 5 years. The C in manure-based biochars mineralized faster than that in plant-based biochars, and C in 400 °C biochars mineralized faster than that in corresponding 550 °C biochars. The estimated mean residence time (MRT) of C in biochars varied between 90 and 1600 years. These are conservative estimates because they represent MRT of relatively labile and intermediate-stability biochar C components. Furthermore, biochar C MRT is likely to be higher under field conditions of lower moisture, lower temperatures or nutrient availability constraints. Strong relationships of biochar C stability with the initial proportion of nonaromatic C and degree of aromatic C condensation in biochar support the use of these properties to predict biochar C stability in soil.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Source of Publication: Environmental Science & Technology, 46(21), p. 11770-11778
Publisher: American Chemical Society
Place of Publication: United States of America
ISSN: 1520-5851
0013-936X
Fields of Research (FoR) 2008: 070599 Forestry Sciences not elsewhere classified
050301 Carbon Sequestration Science
Fields of Research (FoR) 2020: 300799 Forestry sciences not elsewhere classified
410101 Carbon sequestration science
Socio-Economic Objective (SEO) 2008: 829802 Management of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Plant Production
820199 Forestry not elsewhere classified
961499 Soils not elsewhere classified
Socio-Economic Objective (SEO) 2020: 190310 Management of greenhouse gas emissions from plant production
Peer Reviewed: Yes
HERDC Category Description: C1 Refereed Article in a Scholarly Journal
Appears in Collections:Journal Article

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