Bandwidth or Bandwagon?: 3D Scanning Technology Uptake and Use within Archaeology

Abstract

<p>3D modelling techniques such as photogrammetry and structured light scanning are widely used within the field of archaeology. Considerable funding has been invested into the plethora of techniques available. However, the techniques and technologies driving 3D modelling are often misunderstood, and unnecessarily or poorly applied in practice. This brings into question whether they are worth the return on investment in time and materials. The key questions that arise are do they represent value for money, can 3D modelling present new scientific tools for researchers and new, worthwhile experiences for the general public? This thesis focuses on archaeological artefact modelling and reviews the main technologies available, through an evaluation of projects and citation analysis. It assesses the application of key 3D technologies and their usefulness to archaeological practice. The thesis also explores the key factors that need consideration prior to embarking on a 3D modelling project, identifying key principles that should be adhered to. The author’s findings show that the trending increased use of 3D modelling is a worthwhile scientific endeavour. 3D modelling affords new research and pedagogical possibilities not previously available. These include extended analytical tools, reproducible quantitative and qualitative results, and increased collaboration opportunities. It provides students and the general public with immersive access to engage with virtual objects. When employing 3D practice, project savings are possible, along with superior project outcomes and increased preservation of artefacts. The study also identified that the technologies driving 3D modelling rapidly evolve, however the principles behind 3D modelling change gradually. The large volume of work to date has increased our archaeological knowledge base. 3D modelling is shaping the direction of archaeological research and will for many years to come. </p>