Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/52026
Title: Illicit Performance and Image Enhancing Drug Markets in the Netherlands and Belgium
Contributor(s): van de Ven, Katinka  (author)orcid ; de Zeeuw, Tjeerd (author)
Publication Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-56592-3_3
Handle Link: https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/52026
Abstract: 

This chapter explores the illicit production and supply of performance and image enhancing drug (PIED) markets in Belgium and the Netherlands. Aside from the potential health risks related to the use of these substances, a concern is that the majority of PIEDs are not legally obtained through a physician, by means of a prescription, but instead are illegally purchased on the black market. The illicit supply of PIEDs will be the focus of this chapter. This chapter provides a historical account of the development of illicit PIED markets in Belgium and the Netherlands. Next, a categorization of supplier types will be provided based on the profession of PIED suppliers. This will be followed with an examination of the methods and motives of PIED dealers, using bodybuilding as a case study. It is highlighted that many types of suppliers are involved in the trade of PIEDs and that they are driven by multiple and often overlapping reasons (financial and non-financial motives). In the final section, the link between the illicit PIED market, organized crime and professional sport is critically explored. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the overall findings.

Publication Type: Book Chapter
Source of Publication: Contemporary Organized Crime: Developments, Challenges and Responses, p. 25-44
Publisher: Springer
Place of Publication: Cham, Switzerland
ISBN: 9783030565923
9783030565916
9783030565947
Fields of Research (FoR) 2008: 160504 Crime Policy
160299 Criminology not elsewhere classified
Fields of Research (FoR) 2020: 440702 Crime policy
Socio-Economic Objective (SEO) 2008: 920414 Substance Abuse
940499 Justice and the Law not elsewhere classified
Socio-Economic Objective (SEO) 2020: 200499 Public health (excl. specific population health) not elsewhere classified
HERDC Category Description: B1 Chapter in a Scholarly Book
WorldCat record: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1312691595
Series Name: Studies of Organized Crime
Series Number : 18
Editor: Editor(s): Hans Nelen and Dina Siegel
Appears in Collections:Book Chapter
School of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences

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