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    Publication
    Journal Article
    Extension of holomorphic vector bundles across a totally real submanifold
    (Elsevier BV, North-Holland, 1999-01)

    Let ϵ be a Hermitian-holomorphic vector bundle with compatible Chern connection ▽, defined on the complement of Rn inside a polydisc Δ ⊇ Cn. The main result of this notes provides a necessary and sufficient condition for unique extension of ϵ to Δ, namely that the curvature F, when contracted with a non-vanishing holomorphic vector field ξ, is ∂-exact. Applications to removable singularities for anti-self-dual connections across a real time line in C2 and solutions of the static monopole equation across a point in R3 are also given as corollaries.

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    Publication
    Book Chapter
    Interrogating Trickster Discourse of Coloniality in Regimes of Language Testing
    (Routledge, 2024-07-23)

    This chapter introduces the concept of ‘trickster habitus’ to read new meanings into subtle forms of global coloniality that are hidden behind the language of scientific ‘objectivity’, ‘impartiality’ and ‘fairness’ used to justify standardised language and citizenship testing for immigrants and prospective citizens. The argument is that though language proficiency tests are, to a degree, useful in informing measurement and assessment in a range of social and educational contexts, they do have a dark side that betrays the hallmarks of coloniality of power. The conclusion is that language testing regimes emerged out of and are sustained by imperatives of control, gate-keeping and the exercising of power in Western societies such as Australia.

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    Open Access
    Journal Article
    Potential Use of Herbicide Seed Safener and Pre-Emergent Residual Herbicides When Establishing Tropical Perennial Grasses—A Preliminary Study
    (MDPI AG, 2025-06)
    Boschma, Suzanne P
    ;
    McDouall, Hugh W
    ;

    Annual grass weeds can provide significant competition to an establishing sown tropical perennial grass pasture. At least two years of grass weed control prior to sowing is required to reduce the weed seed bank. Pre-emergent herbicides used in summer cereals, such as atrazine or s-metolachlor with metcamifen seed safener, may reduce this preparation time. Two controlled-environment experiments were conducted to assess the potential for these pre-emergent herbicides to be used with several tropical perennial grasses. Experiment 1 tested the effect of metcamifen (400 g L−1 a.i. at 0–2× label rate) on the emergence and vigor of Chloris gayana, Dichanthium aristatum, Digitaria eriantha and Panicum coloratum, with Sorghum bicolor as the control. Experiment 2 tested the effect of s-metolachlor (960 g h−1 a.i.) with metcamifen-treated or untreated seed, and atrazine (1800 g h−1 a.i.) on the emergence and early growth of the grasses. Metcamifen did not inhibit emergence or vigor of the grasses. Without metcamifen seed treatment, smetolachlor reduced the growth of the tropical perennial grasses by 47–100%, while it had no such effect on S. bicolor. In contrast, there was no effect of atrazine on shoot yields of the grasses, nor of s-metolachlor when D. aristatum, D. eriantha and P. coloratum seed had been treated with metcamifen. The collective results indicate that the herbicide safener metcamifen does not reduce the viability of tropical perennial grass seed and provides some protection against s-metolachlor, albeit not complete protection at the rates used in our study. Atrazine did not affect emergence or early growth of the grasses.

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    Publication
    Thesis Doctoral
    Exploring Birth Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Childbirth Self-Efficacy, and the Mother–Infant Relationship

    There is now substantial evidence that women can develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in response to a difficult birth. Consistent with the diathesis-stress model for birth-related PTSD, research suggests that the subjective appraisal of a woman’s childbirth experience may be a more significant risk factor than objective complications (e.g., emergency caesarean, forceps delivery). Birth related PTSD is also thought to have direct effects on infant mental health, as well as significant social and economic costs. This thesis explores the consequences of birth related PTSD symptoms on the mother–infant relationship, the individual characteristics that are risk factors for birth related PTSD, and evaluates an intervention aimed at reducing or preventing birth related PTSD symptoms. A significant robust association between birth related PTSD symptoms and poorer mother– infant relationship quality is demonstrated, emphasising the relevance of the research topic. Findings relating to risk factors and the intervention are largely contrary to what was predicted, which suggests that a more comprehensive perspective on birth related PTSD that encompasses external systemic factors is needed. The impact of COVID-19 on antenatal depression further highlighted the influence of external factors on maternal well-being. An integrated theory of birth trauma using the power threat meaning framework is proposed. It is recommended that women should be routinely screened for birth related PTSD symptoms, alongside screening for postnatal depression, and those women who are identified as having experienced trauma symptoms should be offered a referral to a perinatal psychologist or mental health clinician with experience working with trauma. Policy and practice in hospital and healthcare settings should be consistent with the WHO’s recommendations for intrapartum care, including respectful woman-centred care, where women can make autonomous, informed decisions. To achieve this, birth needs to be recognised as a psychological and physiological process with important social and emotional aspects rather than as a medical event.

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    Thesis Doctoral
    Understanding and Improving Genetics for Meat Quality in Beef Cattle

    The aim of this thesis was to contribute to the understanding and genetic improvement of meat quality attributes of beef, focusing on intramuscular fat and marbling characteristics. To further extend our knowledge, the proportions of individual fatty acids in the intramuscular fat of beef were specifically examined.

    In Chapter 3, we compared two technologies used to analyse ultrasound images to predict carcass traits in the live animal, the Pie Medical Esaote Aquila (PIE) and Central Ultrasound Processing (CUP). Each technology was specifically evaluated for their ability to predict carcass traits, including IMF and marbling, for genetic evaluation in Australian Angus cattle. The results indicating that the CUP system, compared to PIE, provides an advantage for genetic evaluation of carcass traits in Angus cattle, particularly for the IMF and associated marbling traits. CUP predicted IMF was more heritable and tended to have stronger correlations with the breeding objective traits of carcass IMF marbling traits, both genetically and phenotypically, compared to PIE.

    In Chapter 4, accuracy of selection and response to selection for the breeding objective traits of carcase IMF, AUS-MEAT marbling score and Meat Standards Australia (MSA) marbling score were generated by modelling seventeen different phenotyping and genotyping scenarios using selection index theory. The study showed, for Australian Angus breeders, the highest rates of selection accuracy and response (ΔG) will be achieved through using a combination of CUP phenotyping for IMF and genotyping with a reference population of related animals with carcase IMF and marbling score phenotypes. However, the value of ultrasound scan phenotyping diminishes as the Genomic Breeding Value (GBV) prediction accuracy increases, which is mainly a function of the reference population size.

    In Chapter 5, we examined modifying the definition of Residual Feed Intake (RFI), by including an adjustment for IMF. The secondary aim was to further understand the genetic relationships between feed intake and a range of carcase traits, including IMF and marbling. This study revealed RFI can be redefined to account for traits, other than average daily gain (ADG) and metabolic mid-weight (MMWT), like IMF. However, due to limitations of phenotypic linear regression, and only small amounts of variation in feed intake being explained by the IMF traits, the redefinition of RFI was a suboptimal approach to breeding candidate selection. Furthermore, this study has confirmed the challenges with selecting for both feed efficiency and meat quality traits as they are generally genetically antagonistic.

    In Chapter 6, we estimated phenotypic and genetic parameters for fatty acid traits of IMF that are prevalent in Australian Angus beef. The conclusion of this study being genetic selection can be applied in Australian Angus breeding programs to modify the fatty acid composition within intramuscular fat. More specifically, Angus cattle breeders can select breeding candidates to change the proportion of fatty acids from saturated (SAT) to healthier unsaturated fatty acids (monounsaturated - MONO and polyunsaturated - PUFA) within the fatty acid profile of beef.

    In Chapter 7, we continue from the previous chapter by using genomic relationships to estimate phenotypic and genetic correlations between fatty acid traits in IMF and a range of production, eating quality and efficiency traits. The findings show the proportion of fatty acids can be changed from SAT to healthier unsaturated fatty acids (MONO and PUFA) within the intramuscular fat of beef without being detrimental to the common breeding objective traits of liveweight (FW), feed efficiency (RFI), carcase weight (CWT), marbling (CMAU, CMMS, CIMF), or muscling (CEMA).

    The studies that form this thesis have contributed to the understanding and genetic improvement of meat quality attributes of beef. If the findings from this study are implemented by industry, it can benefit the whole beef supply chain, including the consumer, through genetic selection resulting in beef that has greater eating quality through marbling attributes, and improved health characteristics by modifying the fatty acid profile.

Most viewed
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    Conference Publication
    Orgasmic Gushing: where does the fluid come from and how is it produced?
    (Women in Research (WiR), 2005)
    O'Brien, GM
    There are three sexual fluids from women: lubrication (e.g. transudation of fluid across the mucosa of the vagina, and mucus from the greater vestibular glands); female ejaculation (from paraurethral glands); and gushing. Orthodox western medicine and physiology does not yet have a standardized description or explanation for the third, gushing. The present paper proposes that the gushing fluid is a filtrate of plasma, produced by the mechanism known as transudation. This is an additional application for the transudation mechanism, after the well accepted roles in lubrication of the vagina, and in generating serous fluids. The present model proposes that the fluid released in a gush arises from the ventral wall of the vagina due to the presence there of increased surface area of mucosa, dilated arterioles, pressurized venous and lymphatic plexuses, and compression provided by muscle contraction during orgasm.
      63509
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    Dataset
    Mapping Long Term Changes in Mangrove Cover and Predictions of Future Change under Different Climate Change Scenarios in the Sundarbans, Bangladesh
    (2018-05-22)
    Ghosh, Manoj Kumer
    ;
    Ground-based readings of temperature and rainfall, satellite imagery, aerial photographs, ground verification data and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) were used in this study. Ground-based meteorological information was obtained from Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD) for the period 1977 to 2015 and was used to determine the trends of rainfall and temperature in this thesis. Satellite images obtained from the US Geological Survey (USGS) Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) website (www.glovis.usgs.gov) in four time periods were analysed to assess the dynamics of mangrove population at species level. Remote sensing techniques, as a solution to lack of spatial data at a relevant scale and difficulty in accessing the mangroves for field survey and also as an alternative to the traditional methods were used in monitoring of the changes in mangrove species composition, . To identify mangrove forests, a number of satellite sensors have been used, including Landsat TM/ETM/OLI, SPOT, CBERS, SIR, ASTER, and IKONOS and Quick Bird. The use of conventional medium-resolution remote sensor data (e.g., Landsat TM, ASTER, SPOT) in the identification of different mangrove species remains a challenging task. In many developing countries, the high cost of acquiring high- resolution satellite imagery excludes its routine use. The free availability of archived images enables the development of useful techniques in its use and therefor Landsat imagery were used in this study for mangrove species classification. Satellite imagery used in this study includes: Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) of 57 m resolution acquired on 1st February 1977, Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) of 28.5 m resolution acquired on 5th February 1989, Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) of 28.5 m resolution acquired on 28th February 2000 and Landsat Operational Land Imager (OLI) of 30 m resolution acquired on 4th February 2015. To study tidal channel dynamics of the study area, aerial photographs from 1974 and 2011, and a satellite image from 2017 were used. Satellite images from 1974 with good spatial resolution of the area were not available, and therefore aerial photographs of comparatively high and fine resolution were considered adequate to obtain information on tidal channel dynamics. Although high-resolution satellite imagery was available for 2011, aerial photographs were used for this study due to their effectiveness in terms of cost and also ease of comparison with the 1974 photographs. The aerial photographs were sourced from the Survey of Bangladesh (SOB). The Sentinel-2 satellite image from 2017 was downloaded from the European Space Agency (ESA) website (https://scihub.copernicus.eu/). In this research, elevation data acts as the main parameter in the determination of the sea level rise (SLR) impacts on the spatial distribution of the future mangrove species of the Bangladesh Sundarbans. High resolution elevation data is essential for this kind of research where every centimeter counts due to the low-lying characteristics of the study area. The high resolution (less than 1m vertical error) DEM data used in this study was obtained from Water Resources Planning Organization (WRPO), Bangladesh. The elevation information used to construct the DEM was originally collected by a Finnish consulting firm known as FINNMAP in 1991 for the Bangladesh government.
      48124  50
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    Conference Publication
    Reinforced Behavioral Variability and Sequence Learning Across Species
    (Association for Behavior Analysis International (ABAI), 2012)
    Doolan, Kathleen
    ;
    ;
    McEwan, James
    Previous research shows that reinforcement of variable responding will facilitate sequence learning in rats (Neuringer, Deiss & Olson, 2000) but may interfere with sequence learning in humans (Maes & van der Goot, 2006). The present study aimed to replicate and extend previous research by assessing the role of behavioral variability in the learning of difficult target sequences across 3 species: humans (n = 60), hens (n = 18) and possums (n = 6). Participants were randomly allocated to one of three experimental conditions (Control, Variable, Any). In the Control conditions sequences were only reinforced if they were the target sequence, in the Variability conditions sequences were concurrently reinforced on a Variable Interval 60-s schedule if the just entered sequence met a variability criterion, and in the Any condition sequences were concurrently reinforced on a Variable Interval 60-s schedule for any sequence entered. The results support previous findings with animals and humans; hens and possums were more likely to learn the target sequence in the Variability condition, and human participants were more likely to learn the target sequence in the Control condition. Possible explanations for differences between the performance of humans and animals on this task will be discussed.
      39860  1
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    Open Access
    Dataset
    The drivers and consequences of change to the physical character of waterholes on an Australian dryland river
    This dataset provides all the raw and analysed data for the thesis titled 'The drivers and consequences of change to the physical character of waterholes on an Australian dryland river'.
    The data has been divided into four folders that are aligned with the data chapters for the thesis. These being: (Ch 2) waterhole mapping, (Ch 3) floodplain gullies, (Ch 4) sediment transport and (Ch 5) fish.
    A README file is provided for each chapter which contains a description of the individual datasets and a list of files that make up each dataset.
    The data in this archive is a combination of data obtained from desktop studies as well as field work on the Darling River (i.e., the fish data).
    Further, fish data were collected on the Darling River between Bourke and Wilcannia. Waterhole mapping was undertaken on the Barwon-Darling between Walgett and Wilcannia. Gully mapping was undertaken on the Barwon-Darling River between Mungindi and Wilcannia. Sediment transport capacity was assessed at five sites between Collarenebri and Tilpa.
      37660  1716
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    Open Access
    Journal Article
    A Review into Effective Classroom Management and Strategies for Student Engagement: Teacher and Student Roles in Today’s Classrooms
    (Redfame Publishing Inc, 2019-12)
    Franklin, Hayley
    ;
    A teacher's role encompasses far more than just imparting curricula outcomes to their students: they need to equip students with the necessary tools to experience social and academic success both inside the classroom and beyond it. Teachers need to empower students with the means to critically analyse the world around them in order to develop into critical independent thinkers. Students need to be proficient in utilising skills associated with higher levels of thinking, that will empower them with the ability to identify, analyse and evaluate the infinite volume of information available through our rapidly changing digital world. Just as teachers need to take responsibility for the various methods of teaching and instruction in the classroom, it is essential for students to take ownership of the learning process, to ensure future success in university environments, where sustained personal effort and metacognitive skills are fundamental to academic success. The object of the review of the literature surrounding the roles of teacher and student, effective classroom management strategies, and successful evidence-based teaching and learning pedagogies, is to assist new and experienced teachers in the promotion of a positive classroom experience for all.
      28263  22966