Spatial and temporal patterns of reef-fish assemblages in the Solitary Islands Marine Park and their utility for protected area management

Abstract

Understanding of biotic patterns is essential to effectively plan for biodiversity conservation in a marine park. Reef fish are an important component of biodiversity in coastal systems, but were poorly known within the Solitary Islands Marine Park (SIMP). Their patterns, determined at the marine park scale, have utility in testing a Habitat Classification System (HCS) used in conservation planning. No other biota has been studied comprehensively at this scale in the SIMP. Reef fish assemblages were broadly sampled across the SIMP using diver timed counts and baited video. Assemblage patterns correlated with environmental factors were used to refine categories in the HCS. The refined-HCS and patterns of species-richness, abundance, and biogeography were assessed for representation in sanctuary zones (SZ). Temporal stability was examined and bioregional comparisons were made with other studies. Surrogate families representing assemblage patterns were objectively selected. An algorithm approach (Marxan) was used to systematically evaluate solutions in zone planning.