The Construction of Meaning Following Parental Suicide: Grief of children following parental suicide

Abstract

Suicide results in profound grief and suffering for families. Earlier studies into suicide research have highlighted the importance of support for family members and have explored postvention support and grief therapy options. The special nature of the grief of children who have lost a parent through suicide has not been widely researched. Past studies have been, in the main, quantitative studies which have shown increased symptoms of psychiatric disorders and maladjustment socially and emotionally. No studies were located in which adults have been asked to reflect on their journey from the time of their parent’s suicide to the present time and relate how their parent’s death has affected their life. This study examines the experiences of 10 people who offered the story of their childhood experience of losing a parent through suicide, their loss and grieving, and related details of growing and maturing in their particular family and the adjustments they have made on their life journey. Of particular interest was the meaning they have made of their journey and how this may have changed over time. Evidence of resilience was sought and how hope and courage may be encouraged. Information was sought on ego development and the impact the suicide may have had on the informants’ sense of identity and psychological and spiritual meaning systems. Summarised key findings: The bereaved children suffered traumatic loss for which there was no support, other than from family. Secondary losses increased suffering and subsequent abuse occurred. Attempted suicide and relationship problems were repeatedly reported. Self motivation to heal was expressed by some through education accessed in adult life. Conclusions: How the child was told of the death of their parent was a key point, and it is recommended that this information be given in a sensitive way. Appropriate postvention support services need to be available to the whole family, including financial support. For children, the support may need to be provided at various times as they move through developmental stages. The emotional/social/spiritual needs of the family are issues to be explored. If the family system is found to be dysfunctional sensitive intervention may need to be offered.