Introduction to German Constitutional Law and the Doctrine of Basic Rights

Abstract

When on 23 May 1949, the Basic Law of the new Federal Republic of Germany was solemnly promulgated the new country still lay largely in ruins. The ruins were not only of bricks and mortar. Perhaps more importantly there was the complete moral devastation the country had experienced between 1933 and 1945. How was it possible that a proud nation, the home of countless thinkers, scientists and artists, a country with one of the most educated general population at the time became one of the most barbaric nations the world ever had to endure? Many explanations have been brought forward but the definitive answer remains elusive. To create a governmental order that safeguards future generations from unrestrained rampages of evil was the primary goal of the 61 fathers and four mothers of the Basic Law. Much if not all that happens and has happened in Germany, from subsequent constitutional reforms to the terror years of the Red Army Faction, from Germany's reunification in 1990 to Germany's participation in the development of the European Union, from the federal structure of Germany to the special role of its Constitutional Court can only be understood against the historical background of the annihilation brought onto others and self between 1933 and 1945. The Basic Law is the child of this catastrophe.