Boron contents and solubility in Australian fly ashes and its uptake by canola ('Brassica napus' L.) from the ash-amended soils

Title
Boron contents and solubility in Australian fly ashes and its uptake by canola ('Brassica napus' L.) from the ash-amended soils
Publication Date
2010
Author(s)
Manoharan, V
Yunusa, Isa
Loganathan, P
Lawrie, R
Murray, BR
Skilbeck, CG
Eamus, D
Type of document
Journal Article
Language
en
Entity Type
Publication
Publisher
CSIRO Publishing
Place of publication
Australia
DOI
10.1071/SR10073
UNE publication id
une:9837
Abstract
Phytotoxicity due to excessive boron (B) uptake by plants impedes routine agronomic utilisation of coal fly ash. We assessed 11 fly ashes (pH 3.14-10.77) having total B content (Bt) of 12-136 mg/kg, of which 20-30% was hot water soluble (Bs) in the acidic ashes (pH <5) and 5-10% in the alkaline ashes, for their potential to supply B to plants and their risk associated with phytotoxicity. We found the Bs/Bt to be negatively correlated (R² = 0.63**, N = 11) with ash pH. We conducted two pot trials in which canola was grown in soils amended with fly ash. In the first trial, an alkaline fly ash (Bt 66 mg/kg) was incorporated at 5 rates of up to 625 Mg/ha into the top 50 mm of 2 acidic soils in 0.30-m-long intact cores, and sown with canola. Boron concentration in leaves at flowering reached the phytotoxic threshold, and both plant growth and seed yield were reduced, only at 625 Mg/ha. In the second trial, 4 fly ashes (pH 3.29-10.77, Bt 12-127 mg/kg) were incorporated at 4 rates of up to 108 Mg/ha into the top 0.10 m of 2 acidic soils in 1.0-m-long intact cores and then sown with canola. Ashes with highest Bt, when applied at 108 Mg/ha, increased B concentration in the topsoil only. Of the 2 ashes with the highest Bt, only that which produced low soil pH and applied at 108 Mg/ha increased B concentration in the shoot, but was still below phytotoxic threshold. The results suggest that B derived from these ashes may not cause phytotoxicity and excessive soil B accumulation if the ashes are applied at modest rates (<36 Mg/ha) to the topsoil layers.
Link
Citation
Australian Journal of Soil Research, 48(5), p. 480-487
ISSN
0004-9573
1446-568X
1838-6768
1838-675X
Start page
480
End page
487

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