Indices of cellular development in muscles of lambs are influenced by sire estimated breeding values and pastoral nutritional system

Abstract

This study examined influences of sire (n = 9) estimated breeding values (EBVs), sire-group (Muscle, Growth, and Control), and nutrition (low and high quality and availability pasture) from birth to slaughter at ~8 months of age on indices of muscle cellularity and transcriptional and translational capacity in 56 castrate lambs. Effects of nutritional systems to 8 months of age were greater, overall, than those due to EBVs or sire-group. Amount of DNA increased with increasing EBV for post-weaning eye muscle depth (PEMD or Muscle EBV) in longissimus but not in 'semimembranosus' and 'semitendinosus' muscles, while Muscle EBV also had an inverse association with concentration of DNA. Protein to DNA and RNA to DNA were related positively to Muscle EBV, the associations being strongest for the 'semitendinosus' muscle. Post-weaning weight (PWWT or Growth) EBV correlated positively with the RNA to DNA ratio and, among high but not low nutrition lambs, was inversely related to concentration of muscle DNA, whereas post-weaning fat depth (PFAT or Fat) EBV was correlated positively with RNA concentration. Overall, the magnitude of effects of sire-group was less than for sire EBVs, presumably due to differing selection pressures for muscling, fatness, and growth. High nutrition lambs had more protein to DNA than low nutrition lambs in the 'longissimus' and 'semitendinosus' muscles, but not in the 'semimembranosus' muscle. In low compared with high nutrition lambs, concentration of DNA was greater in the 'longissimus' and 'semitendinosus' muscles. Total amount of DNA was reduced by more in low compared with high nutrition in the 'longissimus' and 'semimembranosus' than in the 'semitendinosus', and amount of protein was reduced by more in low compared with high nutrition in the longissimus than in the other two muscles. We conclude that genetic selection for eye muscle depth in sheep has differing effects on cellular characteristics of the 'longissimus', 'semimembranosus', and 'semitendinosus' muscles, and has greater effects on muscle cellular characteristics than genetic selection for post-weaning weight or fat depth.