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Salovey and Grewal (2005) characterized emotional intelligence as a function of the interactions between an individual's emotions and cognitions. Most models of emotional intelligence suggest that perception of emotion in the self and others, understanding emotion in the self and others, managing emotions in the self and others, and harnessing emotions in order to achieve goals are central components of emotional intelligence (e.g., Mayer, Salovey, & Caruso, 2004). Emotional intelligence research has focused on operationalising adaptive emotional functioning and on ascertaining the effects of emotional intelligence on life outcomes. Mayer et al. (2004) posited that emotional intelligence is best described as an ability similar to cognitive intelligence. The ability conceptualization holds that emotional intelligence consists of latent functions that an individual may or may not display. Whether an individual displays latent emotional intelligence depends on factors such as the individual's motivation and environment. Measurement of ability emotional intelligence relies on performance tests similar to cognitive intelligence tests. An example of a task on an ability test of emotional intelligence is presentation of photographs of facial expressions to respondents who are then asked to indicate the emotions displayed in the photographs. |
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