| Author(s) |
Smart, Neil A
Downes, David
Van Der Touw, Tom
Hada, Swastika
Dieberg, Gudrun
Pearson, Melissa J
Wolden, Mitch
King, Nicola
Goodman, Stephen P J
|
| Publication Date |
2025-01
|
| Abstract |
<p><b>Background</b> Dyslipidemia is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Exercise training (EXTr) improves some lipid markers but not others; the literature is dated and analyses may be underpowered.</p> <p><b>Objectives</b> To clarify which lipid markers are altered with ExTr and establish if information size had yet reached futility.</p> <p><b>Methods</b> We conducted a systematic review/meta-analysis, with meta-regression, to establish expected effect size in lipid profile with aerobic (AT), resistance (RT) and combined (CT=AT+RT) ExTr. We conducted trial sequence analysis (TSA) to control for type I and II error and establish if information size had reached futility.</p> <p><b>Results</b> We included 148 relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of ExTr, with 227 intervention groups, total 8673 participants; exercise 5273, sedentary control 3400. Total cholesterol (TC) MD – 5.90 mg/dL (95% confidence interval (CI) – 8.14, – 3.65), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) 2.11 (95% CI 1.43, 2.79), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) – 7.22 (95% CI – 9.08, – 5.35), triglycerides – 8.01 (95% CI – 10.45, – 5.58) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) – 3.85 (95% CI – 5.49, – 2.22) all showed significant but modest 3.5–11.7%, improvements following ExTr. TSA indicated all analyses exceeded minimum information size to reach futility. CT was optimal for dyslipidemia management. Meta-regression showed every extra weekly aerobic session reduced TC – 7.68 mg/dL and for every extra week of training by – 0.5 mg/dL. Each minute of session time produced an additional 2.11 mg/dL HDL increase.</p> <p><b>Conclusion</b> TSA analysis revealed sufficient data exist to confirm ExTr will improve all five lipid outcomes. CT is optimal for lipid management. The modest effect observed may moderate dyslipidemia medication for primary prevention. Prediction intervals suggest TC, HDL, LDL and TGD are only improved in one-quarter of studies.</p>
|
| Citation |
Sports Medicine, 55(1), p. 67-78
|
| ISSN |
1179-2035
0112-1642
|
| Link | |
| Language |
en
|
| Publisher |
Adis International Ltd
|
| Rights |
Attribution 4.0 International
|
| Title |
The Effect of Exercise Training on Blood Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta‑analysis
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| Type of document |
Journal Article
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| Entity Type |
Publication
|
| Name | Size | format | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| administrative/TheEffectSmartVanDerTouwDiebergPearsonWoldenKingGoodman2024JournalArticleEarlyOnline.pdf | 767.197 KB | application/pdf | Early Online Version | View document |
| openpublished/TheEffectSmartVanDerTouwDiebergPearsonWoldenKingGoodman2025JournalArticle.pdf | 753.093 KB | application/pdf | Published Version | View document |