Protease supplementation reduced the heat increment of feed and improved energy and nitrogen partitioning in broilers fed maize-based diets with supplemental phytase and xylanase

Abstract

<p>An experiment was conducted to explore the effects of digestible amino acid (dAA) concentrations and supplemental protease on live performance and energy partitioning in broilers. Ross 308 male broilers (n ¼ 288) were distributed into 24 floor pens and offered 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 6 replicates from 1 to 35 d of age. Dietary treatments consisted of a 2 2 factorial arrangement with dAA concentrations (standard and reduced [34 g/kg below standard]) and supplemental protease (without or with) as the main factors. At 1, 15, 28, and 35 d of age, feed and broilers were weighed to determine live performance. From 20 to 23 d of age, a total of 32 birds (2 birds/chamber, 4 replicates) were placed in closed-calorimeter chambers to determine respiratory exchange (heat production, HP), apparent metabolisable energy (AME), retained energy (RE), and net energy (NE). From 29 to 35 d of age, supplemental protease in the reduced-dAA diet decreased broiler feed conversion ratio (FCR) by 5.6 points, whereas protease supplementation in the standard-dAA diet increased FCR by 5.8 points. The indirect calorimetry assay revealed that supplemental protease decreased (P < 0.05) the heat increment of feed (HIF) by 0.22 MJ/kg. Also, from 20 to 23 d of age, broilers offered the reduced-dAA diet with supplemental protease had a higher daily body weight gain (BWG) (þ10.4%), N intake (þ7.1%), and N retention (þ8.2%) than those offered the standard-dAA with supplemental protease. Broilers offered the reduced-dAA without supplemental protease exhibited a 3.6% higher AME-to-crude protein (CP) ratio than those offered other treatments. Protease supplementation in the standard- and reduced-dAA diets resulted in 2.7% and 5.6% lower AME intake-to-N retention ratios, respectively, compared with the unsupplemented controls. Reduced-dAA increased (P < 0.05) AME intake (þ4.8%), RE (þ9.8%), NE intake (þ5.8%), NE intake-to-CP ratio (þ3.0%), and RE fat-to-RE ratio (þ8.6%). Protease supplementation increased (P < 0.05) respiratory quotient (þ1.2%) and N retention-to-N intake ratio (þ2.2%), NE-to-AME ratio (þ1.9%), and reduced HP (3.6%), heat increment (7.4%), and NE intake-toN retention (2.5%). In conclusion, protease positively affected FCR and energy partitioning in broilers" responses were most apparent in diets with reduced-dAA concentrations.</p>