Models and frameworks of mental health recovery: a scoping review of the available literature

Abstract

<p><b>Background</b></p><p> The recovery approach involves providing a holistic and integrated service that is centered on and adapts to the aspirations and needs of consumers, who are seen as the expert on their health and well-being. Evidence is needed to address the current ambiguities related to the concept of recovery and its application.</p><p><b> Aim</b></p><p> A scoping review was conducted to identify papers describing theories, models, and frameworks of recovery to delineate the central domains of recovery. </p><p><b>Methods</b></p><p> Three literature search strategies were used: electronic database searching; hand-searching of key journals; and a reference list review of included papers. Inclusion criteria outlined theories, models and frameworks developed to support consumers' recovery and those supporting mental health professionals (MHPs) to deliver recovery-oriented services. </p><p><b>Results</b></p><p> Twelve studies (eleven articles and one book) were included in the review. The dimensions of recovery were synthesized into a framework named the Consolidated Framework for Recovery-oriented Services (CFRS). There are three domains within the framework: mechanisms/strategies; recovery as an internal process; and recovery as an external process. Each of these domains, as well as their relationships, are discussed. </p><p><b>Conclusions</b></p><p> The CFRS can be used by practitioners, researchers, funders, and collaborative members to conceptualize, implement, and evaluate recovery-oriented services.</p>