Reduced fasting periods increase intestinal permeability in chickens

Gilani, S; Howarth, G S; Tran, C D; Barekatain, R; Kitessa, S M; Forder, R E A; Hughes, R J

doi:10.1111/jpn.12712

Author(s)

Gilani, S

Howarth, G S

Tran, C D

Barekatain, R

Kitessa, S M

Forder, R E A

Hughes, R J

Publication Date

2018-02

Abstract

Fasting of up to 24 hr has been shown to increase intestinal permeability (IP) in chickens. The aim of this study was to determine whether fasting duration of 4.5 and 9 hr increased IP and whether L-glutamine (a non-essential amino acid) supplementation before fasting provided some protection of barrier function as shown in other species. Ross 308 male broilers (n = 96) were fed either a control diet or the same diet supplemented with 1% glutamine from d0 to d38 post-hatch. On d37, the birds were assigned to single-bird metabolism cages and were fasted for either 0, 4.5, 9 or 19.5 hr. This study design was 2 x 4 factorial with two levels of glutamine and four levels of fasting. Birds in the 0-hr fasting group had free access to feed. All birds had ad libitum access to water. To measure IP on day 38, following their respective fasting periods, birds were administered two separate oral gavages of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) followed by lactulose, mannitol and rhamnose (LMR) sugars, 60 min apart. Whole blood was-collected from the jugular vein 90 min post-LMR sugar gavage. FITC-d and L/M/R ratios were measured by spectrophotometry and high-performance ionic chromatography respectively. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxins in plasma of the birds fed the control diet were also measured using chicken-specific LPS antibody ELISA. Serum FITC-d and plasma L/M and L/R ratios for 4.5, 9 and 19.5 hr were significantly (p < .05) higher-compared to the non-fasting group. However, IP was not different in the glutamine-supplemented group (p > .05) compared to the control group. LPS concentrations-measured by the ELISA were below the detectable range. We conclude that fasting-periods of 4.5 and 9 hr increased IP compared to non-fasted birds and dietary glutamine supplementation did not ameliorate changes in IP.

Citation

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 102(1), p. e486-e492

ISSN

1439-0396

0931-2439

Pubmed ID

28447376

Link

https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/52745

Language

en

Publisher

Wiley-Blackwell Verlag GmbH

Title

Reduced fasting periods increase intestinal permeability in chickens

Type of document

Journal Article

Entity Type

Publication

Author(s)	Gilani, S Howarth, G S Tran, C D Barekatain, R Kitessa, S M Forder, R E A Hughes, R J
Publication Date	2018-02
Abstract	Fasting of up to 24 hr has been shown to increase intestinal permeability (IP) in chickens. The aim of this study was to determine whether fasting duration of 4.5 and 9 hr increased IP and whether L-glutamine (a non-essential amino acid) supplementation before fasting provided some protection of barrier function as shown in other species. Ross 308 male broilers (n = 96) were fed either a control diet or the same diet supplemented with 1% glutamine from d0 to d38 post-hatch. On d37, the birds were assigned to single-bird metabolism cages and were fasted for either 0, 4.5, 9 or 19.5 hr. This study design was 2 x 4 factorial with two levels of glutamine and four levels of fasting. Birds in the 0-hr fasting group had free access to feed. All birds had ad libitum access to water. To measure IP on day 38, following their respective fasting periods, birds were administered two separate oral gavages of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) followed by lactulose, mannitol and rhamnose (LMR) sugars, 60 min apart. Whole blood was-collected from the jugular vein 90 min post-LMR sugar gavage. FITC-d and L/M/R ratios were measured by spectrophotometry and high-performance ionic chromatography respectively. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxins in plasma of the birds fed the control diet were also measured using chicken-specific LPS antibody ELISA. Serum FITC-d and plasma L/M and L/R ratios for 4.5, 9 and 19.5 hr were significantly (p < .05) higher-compared to the non-fasting group. However, IP was not different in the glutamine-supplemented group (p > .05) compared to the control group. LPS concentrations-measured by the ELISA were below the detectable range. We conclude that fasting-periods of 4.5 and 9 hr increased IP compared to non-fasted birds and dietary glutamine supplementation did not ameliorate changes in IP.
Citation	Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 102(1), p. e486-e492
ISSN	1439-0396 0931-2439
Pubmed ID	28447376
Link	https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/52745
Language	en
Publisher	Wiley-Blackwell Verlag GmbH
Title	Reduced fasting periods increase intestinal permeability in chickens
Type of document	Journal Article
Entity Type	Publication

Reduced fasting periods increase intestinal permeability in chickens

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