Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/30690
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dc.contributor.authorCowley, Frances Cen
dc.contributor.authorSyahniar, Theo Men
dc.contributor.authorRatnawati, Dianen
dc.contributor.authorMayberry, Dianne Een
dc.contributor.authorMarsetyoen
dc.contributor.authorPamungkas, Dickyen
dc.contributor.authorPoppi, Dennis Pen
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-02T06:01:04Z-
dc.date.available2021-06-02T06:01:04Z-
dc.date.issued2020-12-
dc.identifier.citationLivestock Science, v.242, p. 1-10en
dc.identifier.issn1871-1413en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/30690-
dc.description.abstractTo improve the productivity of smallholder cattle fattening, farmers will need to invest in higher quality concentrate-based diets which provide a return greater than the additional feed costs. This research assessed two formulations of elephant grass, cassava bagasse, palm kernel cake and copra meal mixes for average daily liveweight gain (ADG) and income over feed cost (IOFC), compared to a forage diet in a pen experiment; and then evaluated the best performing diet as a supplement to existing smallholder bull fattening diets in villages in East Java, Indonesia. In the pen experiment, 24 Ongole bulls were allocated to three treatment diets fed at 25 g DM/kg liveweight.day in a 12-week randomised block experiment: 1) Elephant grass only; 2) a simplified feedlot diet (elephant grass, cassava bagasse, palm kernel cake and copra meal at 4.9, 9.8, 4.9 and 4.9 g DM/kg liveweight.day, respectively); and 3) a high cassava bagasse inclusion diet (elephant grass, cassava bagasse, palm kernel cake and copra meal at 4.9, 17.1, 1.2 and 1.2 g DM/kg liveweight.day, respectively). Intake and ADG were recorded. In the village experiment, 46 smallholder-managed Ongole crossbred bulls were randomly allocated to a control or intervention treatment group. Intervention group farmers fed their bulls 4 kg DM/day of the concentrate mix from the simplified feedlot diet in addition to normal feeding. Costs and returns, ADG and feeding were recorded. IOFC was calculated for both experiments and sensitivity-tested for variation in cattle price and opportunity cost of labour for harvesting home-grown feeds. In the pen experiment, the simplified feedlot diet yielded the highest ADG at 1.00 kg/day, with high cassava and elephant grass both yielding 0.23 kg/day. The purchased feed cost of gain was lowest for elephant grass (nil), followed by the simplified feedlot and the high cassava diets (9831 and 26708 IDR/kg liveweight, respectively). However, the high ADG in the simplified feedlot diet made that the most profitable diet, with an IOFC of IDR 27673, compared to IDR 2603 and IDR 8156 for the high cassava and elephant grass diets respectively. Including opportunity cost of labour for harvesting grass made simplified feedlot even more advantageous. When the concentrate from the simplified feedlot diet was fed to village bulls, ADG and daily feed cost doubled from 0.6 kg/day and IDR 6523/day, respectively, for control group bulls to 1.2 kg/day and IDR 11069/day for intervention bulls. However, IOFC did not improve with the intervention supplement when growth rates were already high, for example, when cattle were already fed high amounts of rice-bran or forage tree legumes. When opportunity cost of household labour for harvesting forages was included, most grass-based village diets became unprofitable. Even when the return per kg of liveweight gain is reduced by higher feed costs, if this results in higher ADG, then the IOFC of this strategy can far exceed least-cost feeding strategies for fattening cattle.en
dc.languageenen
dc.publisherElsevier BVen
dc.relation.ispartofLivestock Scienceen
dc.titleGreater farmer investment in well-formulated diets can increase liveweight gain and smallholder gross margins from cattle fatteningen
dc.typeJournal Articleen
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.livsci.2020.104297en
local.contributor.firstnameFrances Cen
local.contributor.firstnameTheo Men
local.contributor.firstnameDianen
local.contributor.firstnameDianne Een
local.contributor.firstnameDickyen
local.contributor.firstnameDennis Pen
local.subject.for2008070204 Animal Nutritionen
local.subject.for2008070107 Farming Systems Researchen
local.subject.for2008070108 Sustainable Agricultural Developmenten
local.subject.seo2008830301 Beef Cattleen
local.profile.schoolSchool of Environmental and Rural Scienceen
local.profile.emailfcowley@une.edu.auen
local.output.categoryC1en
local.record.placeauen
local.record.institutionUniversity of New Englanden
local.publisher.placeNetherlandsen
local.identifier.runningnumber104297en
local.format.startpage1en
local.format.endpage10en
local.identifier.scopusid85092619443en
local.peerreviewedYesen
local.identifier.volume242en
local.contributor.lastnameCowleyen
local.contributor.lastnameSyahniaren
local.contributor.lastnameRatnawatien
local.contributor.lastnameMayberryen
local.contributor.lastnamePamungkasen
local.contributor.lastnamePoppien
dc.identifier.staffune-id:fcowleyen
local.profile.orcid0000-0002-6475-1503en
local.profile.roleauthoren
local.profile.roleauthoren
local.profile.roleauthoren
local.profile.roleauthoren
local.profile.roleauthoren
local.profile.roleauthoren
local.profile.roleauthoren
local.identifier.unepublicationidune:1959.11/30690en
local.date.onlineversion2020-10-08-
dc.identifier.academiclevelAcademicen
dc.identifier.academiclevelAcademicen
dc.identifier.academiclevelAcademicen
dc.identifier.academiclevelAcademicen
dc.identifier.academiclevelAcademicen
dc.identifier.academiclevelAcademicen
dc.identifier.academiclevelAcademicen
local.title.maintitleGreater farmer investment in well-formulated diets can increase liveweight gain and smallholder gross margins from cattle fatteningen
local.relation.fundingsourcenoteAustralian Centre for International Agricultural Research (LPS/2008/038)en
local.output.categorydescriptionC1 Refereed Article in a Scholarly Journalen
local.search.authorCowley, Frances Cen
local.search.authorSyahniar, Theo Men
local.search.authorRatnawati, Dianen
local.search.authorMayberry, Dianne Een
local.search.authorMarsetyoen
local.search.authorPamungkas, Dickyen
local.search.authorPoppi, Dennis Pen
local.uneassociationYesen
local.atsiresearchNoen
local.sensitive.culturalNoen
local.identifier.wosid000598313200015en
local.year.available2020en
local.year.published2020en
local.fileurl.closedpublishedhttps://rune.une.edu.au/web/retrieve/1d2f2fec-ee14-48ad-bc35-838051b54db8en
local.subject.for2020300303 Animal nutritionen
local.subject.for2020300210 Sustainable agricultural developmenten
local.subject.seo2020100401 Beef cattleen
dc.notification.token2623fa38-4bd9-4919-883f-c22f7771ca9den
Appears in Collections:Journal Article
School of Environmental and Rural Science
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