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https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/30534
Title: | Top-down control of ecosystems and the case for rewilding: does it all add up? | Contributor(s): | Hayward, Matt W (author); Edwards, Sarah (author); Fancourt, Bronwyn A (author) ; Linnell, John D C (author); Nilsen, Erlend B (author) | Publication Date: | 2019 | Early Online Version: | 2019-02 | DOI: | 10.1017/9781108560962.016 | Handle Link: | https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/30534 | Abstract: | In its simplest form, ‘top-down’ control refers to directional regulation within an ecosystem, where species occupying higher trophic levels exert controlling influences on species at the next lower trophic level (Terborgh et al., 1999). Thus, top-down control can describe top predators controlling smaller predators or prey, or herbivores exerting a controlling influence on plant biomass. By contrast, ‘bottom-up’ control refers to abiotic resources and species at the lowest trophic level (producers) regulating the abundance of species at the next highest trophic level (herbivores), which in turn can influence species at higher trophic levels (predators). The top-down control hypothesis was first proposed by Camerano (1880) but refined by Hairston and colleagues (1960), who argued that herbivores, under usual conditions, cannot be limited by either weather or food, and must therefore be limited by predation (i.e. top-down control). This somewhat simplistic view triggered much debate (e.g. Murdoch, 1966; Ehrlich and Birch, 1967; Slobodkin et al., 1967), highlighting many exceptions to, and logical gaps in, the original hypothesis. To this day, the relative contributions of both top-down and bottom-up forces in shaping terrestrial, marine, and freshwater aquatic ecosystems are hotly debated (Sih et al., 1985; Linnell and Strand, 2000; Elmhagen and Rushton, 2007; Laundré et al., 2014), illustrating that causal relationships between species and their limiting factors are far more complex than the simplistic construct first suggested. | Publication Type: | Book Chapter | Source of Publication: | Rewilding, p. 325-354 | Publisher: | Cambridge University Press | Place of Publication: | Cambridge, United Kingdom | ISBN: | 9781108560962 9781108460125 9781108472678 |
Fields of Research (FoR) 2008: | 050102 Ecosystem Function 050103 Invasive Species Ecology 050202 Conservation and Biodiversity |
Fields of Research (FoR) 2020: | 410203 Ecosystem function 410202 Biosecurity science and invasive species ecology 410401 Conservation and biodiversity |
Socio-Economic Objective (SEO) 2008: | 960805 Flora, Fauna and Biodiversity at Regional or Larger Scales 960501 Ecosystem Assessment and Management at Regional or Larger Scales |
Socio-Economic Objective (SEO) 2020: | 180403 Assessment and management of Antarctic and Southern Ocean ecosystems | HERDC Category Description: | B1 Chapter in a Scholarly Book | WorldCat record: | http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1089758169 | Series Name: | Ecological Reviews | Editor: | Editor(s): Nathalie Pettorelli, Sarah M Durant and Johan T du Toit |
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Appears in Collections: | Book Chapter School of Environmental and Rural Science |
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