Sharma, Nishchal K

Choct, Mingan

Wu, Shu-Biao

Swick, Robert A

2018-01-01

Necrotic enteritis (NE) challenge and high dietary sodium (from sodium chloride) level on odor flux from broiler litter was investigated using 160 day-old Ross 308 male chicks randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments with 4 replicates of 10 birds each. A 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was employed. Factors were: presence or absence of NE challenge and normal (1.6 g/kg) or high (4.0 g/kg) dietary sodium (Na) level. On d 20, odorants were collected from litter headspace with a flux hood and measured using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). On d 33, while challenge did not lead to higher mortality, it reduced feed intake by 5.48% (<i>P</i> < 0.05) and body weight gain by 9.02% (<i>P</i> < 0.01) and worsened FCR by 5 points (<i>P</i> < 0.01), indicating subclinical necrotic enteritis occurred in challenged birds. Challenge increased (<i>P</i> < 0.01) litter moisture and litter headspace concentrations of dimethyl sulfide (<i>P</i> < 0.05), propyl mercaptan (<i>P</i> < 0.05), total butanols (<i>P</i> < 0.05), acetoin (<i>P</i> < 0.01), skatole (<i>P</i> = 0.05), butyric acid (<i>P</i> < 0.05), and methyl amine (<i>P</i> < 0.05) and tended to increase concentrations of ethyl mercaptan (<i>P</i> = 0.07), carbon disulfide (<i>P</i> = 0.09), indole (<i>P</i> = 0.10), and formic acid (<i>P</i> = 0.10) compared to the unchallenged group. The birds fed a high Na diet produced higher litter moisture (<i>P</i> < 0.01) and higher litter headspace concentration of sulfur compounds and phenol (<i>P</i> < 0.01) compared to those fed a normal Na diet. In the birds fed a high Na diet, challenge increased the litter flux of some additional odorants, which included 2,3-butanedione (<i>P</i> < 0.05), acetic acid (<i>P</i> < 0.01), propionic acid (<i>P</i> < 0.01), isobutyric acid (<i>P</i> < 0.01), isovaleric acid (<i>P</i> < 0.01), pentanoic acid (<i>P</i> < 0.05), 2-butanone (<i>P</i> < 0.05), and 3-methyl-1-butanol (<i>P</i> < 0.05). These findings suggest that both a high Na diet and sub-clinical NE increase the odor nuisance potential of broiler farms.

Poultry Science, 97(1), p. 39-46

1525-3171

0032-5791

29077885

https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/29328

Elsevier BV

Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Necrotic enteritis challenge and high dietary sodium level affect odorant composition or emission from broilers

Journal Article

Publication