An Integrative Diagram Representing Music Therapy for Learning and Practice

Abstract

Learning and practice in music therapy can be guided by visual representations, which in turn can assist integration of complex information. This diagram of music therapy theory and practice, which is directed at early entry-level students in training, was developed by an experienced educator. It aims to support student learning about distinctions between approaches in music therapy by referring to elements of practice and their applications within various traditions. The diagram includes four theoretical domains: rehabilitative, psychodynamic, ecosystemic, and nascent/emerging. These are connected to six elements that are present in every session—music, relational style, structure, use of the unconscious, role boundaries, and emotional valence—and depending on the orientation of the therapist may be the focus of evaluation to a greater or lesser extent. The six elements are presented through a descriptive continuum. As with all representations, there is a challenge in presenting complexity without reductionism. The diagram will be useful in conjunction with key readings and exploratory teaching sessions in seminar or workshop style.