Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/23579
Title: | Gut microbiome and depression: what we know and what we need to know | Contributor(s): | Winter, Gal (author) ; Hart, Robert (author) ; Charlesworth, Richard (author) ; Sharpley, Christopher (author) | Publication Date: | 2018 | DOI: | 10.1515/revneuro-2017-0072 | Handle Link: | https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/23579 | Abstract: | Gut microbiome diversity has been strongly associated with mood-relating behaviours, including major depressive disorder (MDD). This association stems from the recently characterised bi-directional communication system between the gut and the brain, mediated by neuroimmune, neuroendocrine and sensory neural pathways. While the link between gut microbiome and depression is well supported by research, a major question needing to be addressed is the causality in the connection between the two, which will support the understanding of the role that the gut microbiota play in depression. In this article, we address this question by examining a theoretical 'chronology', reviewing the evidence supporting two possible sequences of events. First, we discuss that alterations in the gut microbiota populations of specific species might contribute to depression, and secondly, that depressive states might induce modification of specific gut microbiota species and eventually contribute to more severe depression. The feasibility of both sequences is supported by pre-clinical trials. For instance, research in rodents has shown an onset of depressive behaviour following faecal transplantations from patients with MDD. On the other hand, mental induction of stress and depressive behaviour in rodents resulted in reduced gut microbiota richness and diversity. Synthesis of these chronology dynamics raises important research directions to further understand the role that gut microbiota play in moodrelating behaviours, which holds substantial potential clinical outcomes for persons who experience MDD or related depressive disorders. | Publication Type: | Journal Article | Source of Publication: | Reviews in the Neurosciences, 29(6), p. 629-643 | Publisher: | Walter de Gruyter GmbH | Place of Publication: | Germany | ISSN: | 2191-0200 0334-1763 |
Fields of Research (FoR) 2008: | 110199 Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics not elsewhere classified 060104 Cell Metabolism |
Fields of Research (FoR) 2020: | 320803 Systems physiology 320903 Central nervous system |
Socio-Economic Objective (SEO) 2008: | 920209 Mental Health Services 920111 Nervous System and Disorders |
Socio-Economic Objective (SEO) 2020: | 200409 Mental health 200105 Treatment of human diseases and conditions |
Peer Reviewed: | Yes | HERDC Category Description: | C1 Refereed Article in a Scholarly Journal |
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Appears in Collections: | Journal Article School of Science and Technology |
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