Early lifetime performance parameters affecting selection and reproductive success in gilts

Abstract

The sow replacement rate in Australia is 56.1%, with the average parity at which a sow is culled, currently sitting at 4.1 (Australian Pork Limited 2013). There are several key reasons for premature sow turnover, with failure to express pubertal oestrus and poor reproductive performance during the early parities considered a major cause for removal. Most on farm selection criteria for replacement gilts focus on gilt attributes at selection into the breeding herd. However, including criteria from early lifetime performance parameters such as birthweight, weaning weight, and pre-weaning growth may aid in selecting gilts with a higher probability of reproductive success (Knauer 2016). The hypothesis of this study was gilts that are born heavier and which do not have any growth deficits during the pre-weaning or post-weaning period will have a higher probability of (1) being selected into the breeding herd, and (2) displaying pubertal oestrus, resulting in at least one successful mating.