Pathogenicity, tissue distribution, shedding and environmental detection of two strains of IBDV following infection of chickens at 0 and 14 days of age

Title
Pathogenicity, tissue distribution, shedding and environmental detection of two strains of IBDV following infection of chickens at 0 and 14 days of age
Publication Date
2017
Author(s)
Jayasundara, Kanchana
Walkden-Brown, Steve W
( author )
OrcID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0638-5533
Email: swalkden@une.edu.au
UNE Id une-id:swalkden
Katz, Margaret
Islam, Fakhrul
Renz, Katrin
McNally, J
Hunt, Peter William
Type of document
Journal Article
Language
en
Entity Type
Publication
Publisher
Taylor & Francis
Place of publication
United Kingdom
DOI
10.1080/03079457.2016.1248898
UNE publication id
une:22526
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is endemic to most poultry-producing countries worldwide. Immunosuppressive classical and variant IBDV strains endemic to Australia are genetically distinct from other international strains. We report the results of infection experiments with Australian classical strain 06/95 and variant strain 02/95 in SPF chickens. We tested the effects of strain and age of infection on bursal atrophy, viral RNA (vRNA) load in bursa of Fabricius (bursa), spleen, thymus, caecal tonsils, faeces, litter and exhaust dust as determined by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The two IBDV strains did not differ in the degree of bursal atrophy induced, lymphoid organ distribution and faecal shedding but variant strain 02/95 induced a greater antibody response to the infection than classical strain 06/95 which was associated with a more rapid decline in IBDV vRNA genome copy number (VCN) in lymphoid organs and faeces. Infection at 14 days of age induced greater bursal atrophy and higher vRNA copy number in lymphoid tissues than infection on the day of hatching, indicating true age susceptibility independent of maternal antibody (Mab) status. The direction of the association between rankings for IBDV vRNA load in bursa and relative bursal weight changed from positive at 3 and 6 days post-infection to negative at 28 days post-infection. Intra-tracheal administration of dust collected from chickens infected with IBDV resulted in successful transmission of IBDV. IBDV vRNA was detected successfully at high levels in the environmental litter and dust samples.
Link
Citation
Avian Pathology, 46(3), p. 242-255
ISSN
1465-3338
0307-9457
Start page
242
End page
255

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