2B-104: Development of Practical Strategies to Consider Environmental Sensitivity, Survival and Productivity in Pig Breeding Programs: Report prepared for the Co-operative Research Centre for High Integrity Australian Pork

Abstract

Pig genotypes may vary in their responses to differences in environmental conditions. Optimal performance, high survival rates and good health status of pigs are only achieved if the genetic merit of pigs is matched by appropriate environmental conditions. This project has developed methodology to a) characterise environmental conditions, b) evaluate genotype by environment interactions and c) evaluate alternative selection strategies. Results of this project have been presented to industry to foster adoption. Providing the best environment possible to pigs is the first priority. The methodology developed in this project can be used to describe fluctuations in environmental conditions over time using information readily available on farms. The models can take systematic changes in husbandry practices into account and provide alternative avenues to consider information about multiple traits in an overall environmental index. Information about growth and feed intake was most informative for describing environmental conditions and for estimating genotype by environment interactions. Variation in estimates of environmental variables based on backfat, muscle depth and feed intake generated economic differences of $17 per pig. A standard piggery has hundreds or thousands of pigs finishing the growth period each month. Farmers should improve environmental conditions on farms to improve health, welfare and productivity of pigs.