Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/20851
Title: Evidence of 'Cryptosporidium' transmission between cattle and humans in northern New South Wales
Contributor(s): Ng, Josephine Su Yin (author); Eastwood, Keith (author); Bramley, Elizabeth (author); Ryan, Una (author); Walker, Belinda (author); Durrheim, David N (author); Massey, Peter D  (author); Porigneaux, Philippe (author); Kemp, Ross (author); McKinnon, Bob (author); Laurie, Kate (author); Miller, David (author)
Publication Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.01.014
Handle Link: https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/20851
Abstract: 'Cryptosporidium' is an enteric parasite of public health significance that causes diarrhoeal illness through faecal oral contamination and via water. Zoonotic transmission is difficult to determine as most species of 'Cryptosporidium' are morphologically identical and can only be differentiated by molecular means. Transmission dynamics of 'Cryptosporidium' in rural populations were investigated through the collection of 196 faecal samples from diarrheic (scouring) calves on 20 farms and 63 faecal samples from humans on 14 of these farms. The overall prevalence of 'Cryptosporidium' in cattle and humans by PCR and sequence analysis of the 18S rRNA was 73.5% (144/196) and 23.8% (15/63), respectively. Three species were identified in cattle; 'Cryptosporidium parvum', 'Cryptosporidium bovis' and 'Cryptosporidium ryanae', and from humans, 'C. parvum' and 'C. bovis'. This is only the second report of 'C. bovis' in humans. Subtype analysis at the gp60 locus identified 'C. parvum' subtype IIaA18G3R1 as the most common subtype in calves. Of the seven human 'C. parvum' isolates successfully subtyped, five were IIaA18G3R1, one was IIdA18G2 and one isolate had a mix of IIaA18G3R1 and IIdA19G2. These findings suggest that zoonotic transmission may have occurred but more studies involving extensive sampling of both calves and farm workers are needed for a better understanding of the sources of 'Cryptosporidium' infections in humans from rural areas of Australia.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Source of Publication: Experimental Parasitology, 130(4), p. 437-441
Publisher: Academic Press
Place of Publication: United States of America
ISSN: 1090-2449
0014-4894
Fields of Research (FoR) 2008: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
Fields of Research (FoR) 2020: 420399 Health services and systems not elsewhere classified
Socio-Economic Objective (SEO) 2008: 920404 Disease Distribution and Transmission (incl. Surveillance and Response)
920120 Zoonoses
Socio-Economic Objective (SEO) 2020: 200404 Disease distribution and transmission (incl. surveillance and response)
Peer Reviewed: Yes
HERDC Category Description: C1 Refereed Article in a Scholarly Journal
Appears in Collections:Journal Article

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