Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/20301
Title: The role of substituents in the HERON reaction of anomeric amides
Contributor(s): Glover, Stephen  (author)orcid ; Rosser, Adam A  (author)orcid 
Publication Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2016-0300
Handle Link: https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/20301
Abstract: Anomeric amides, RCON(X)(Y), have two electronegative atoms at the amide nitrogen, a configuration that results in greatly reduced amide resonance and strongly pyramidal nitrogen atoms. This, combined with facilitation of anomeric interactions, can result in the HERON reaction, an intramolecular migration of the more electronegative atom, X, from nitrogen to the carbonyl with production of a Y-stabilised nitrene. We have modelled, at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level, a variety of anomeric amides that undergo the HERON reaction to determine factors that underpin the process. The overriding driving force is anomeric destabilisation of the bond to the migrating group. Rotated transition states show loss of residual resonance and this is a component of the overall activation energies. However, the reduced resonance in these systems plays only a minor role. We have determined the resonance energies (RE) and HERON activation barriers (EA) of five anomeric systems. REs for the amides have been calculated isodesmically using our calibrated trans amidation method and COSNAR calculations. Reduction of their overall EAs by the corresponding RE gives rearrangement energies (Erearr.), a measure of relative impact on rearrangement of substituents on nitrogen. In CH3CON(OMe)(Y) systems producing (CH₃CO₂Me + NY), a loosely bound electron pair on the donor atom, Y, in nY-σ*NOMe anomeric interactions drives the reaction. Erearr. increases in the sequence Y = N(nitrene) < O-(oxide) << NMe₂ < SMe << OMe. For the same systems, RE increases in the order Y = N < O- << OMe << NMe₂~SMe. Other effects such as molecular conformation, nature of the migrating group, X, and acyl substituents at the carbonyl carbon are discussed.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Source of Publication: Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 94(12), p. 1169-1180
Publisher: NRC Research Press
Place of Publication: Canada
ISSN: 1480-3291
0008-4042
Fields of Research (FoR) 2008: 030799 Theoretical and Computational Chemistry not elsewhere classified
030505 Physical Organic Chemistry
Fields of Research (FoR) 2020: 340505 Physical organic chemistry
340701 Computational chemistry
Socio-Economic Objective (SEO) 2008: 970103 Expanding Knowledge in the Chemical Sciences
Socio-Economic Objective (SEO) 2020: 280105 Expanding knowledge in the chemical sciences
Peer Reviewed: Yes
HERDC Category Description: C1 Refereed Article in a Scholarly Journal
Appears in Collections:Journal Article
School of Science and Technology

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