Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/17799
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dc.contributor.authorSherratt, Emmaen
dc.contributor.authorGower, David Jen
dc.contributor.authorKlingenberg, Christian Peteren
dc.contributor.authorWilkinson, Marken
dc.date.accessioned2015-08-12T11:10:00Z-
dc.date.issued2014-
dc.identifier.citationEvolutionary Biology, 41(4), p. 528-545en
dc.identifier.issn1934-2845en
dc.identifier.issn0071-3260en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/17799-
dc.description.abstractInsights into morphological diversification can be obtained from the ways the species of a clade occupy morphospace. Projecting a phylogeny into morphospace provides estimates of evolutionary trajectories as lineages diversified information that can be used to infer the dynamics of evolutionary processes that produced patterns of morphospace occupation. We present here a large-scale investigation into evolution of morphological variation in the skull of caecilian amphibians, a major clade of vertebrates. Because caecilians are limbless, predominantly fossorial animals, diversification of their skull has occurred within a framework imposed by the functional demands of head-first burrowing. We examined cranial shape in 141 species, over half of known species, using X-ray computed tomography and geometric morphometrics. Mapping an existing phylogeny into the cranial morphospace to estimate the history of morphological change (phylomorphospace), we find a striking pattern: most species occupy distinct clusters in cranial morphospace that closely correspond to the main caecilian clades, and each cluster is separated by unoccupied morphospace. The empty spaces in shape space are unlikely to be caused entirely by extinction or incomplete sampling. The main caecilian clades have different amounts of morphological disparity, but neither clade age nor number of species account for this variation. Cranial shape variation is clearly linked to phyletic divergence, but there is also homoplasy, which is attributed to extrinsic factors associated with head-first digging: features of caecilian crania that have been previously argued to correlate with differential microhabitat use and burrowing ability, such as subterminal and terminal mouths, degree of temporal fenestration (stegokrotaphy/zygokrotaphy), and eyes covered by bone, have evolved and many combinations occur in modern species. We find evidence of morphological convergence in cranial shape, among species that have eyes covered by bone, resulting in a narrow bullet-shaped head. These results reveal a complex history, including early expansion of morphospace and both divergent and convergent evolution resulting in the diversity we observe today.en
dc.languageenen
dc.publisherSpringer New York LLCen
dc.relation.ispartofEvolutionary Biologyen
dc.titleEvolution of Cranial Shape in Caecilians (Amphibia: Gymnophiona)en
dc.typeJournal Articleen
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s11692-014-9287-2en
dc.subject.keywordsBiological Adaptationen
dc.subject.keywordsPhylogeny and Comparative Analysisen
dc.subject.keywordsVertebrate Biologyen
local.contributor.firstnameEmmaen
local.contributor.firstnameDavid Jen
local.contributor.firstnameChristian Peteren
local.contributor.firstnameMarken
local.subject.for2008060809 Vertebrate Biologyen
local.subject.for2008060309 Phylogeny and Comparative Analysisen
local.subject.for2008060303 Biological Adaptationen
local.subject.seo2008970106 Expanding Knowledge in the Biological Sciencesen
local.profile.schoolZoologyen
local.profile.schoolZoologyen
local.profile.schoolZoologyen
local.profile.schoolZoologyen
local.profile.emailesherrat@une.edu.auen
local.output.categoryC1en
local.record.placeauen
local.record.institutionUniversity of New Englanden
local.identifier.epublicationsrecordune-20150724-09239en
local.publisher.placeUnited States of Americaen
local.format.startpage528en
local.format.endpage545en
local.peerreviewedYesen
local.identifier.volume41en
local.identifier.issue4en
local.title.subtitleGymnophiona)en
local.contributor.lastnameSherratten
local.contributor.lastnameGoweren
local.contributor.lastnameKlingenbergen
local.contributor.lastnameWilkinsonen
dc.identifier.staffune-id:esherraten
local.profile.roleauthoren
local.profile.roleauthoren
local.profile.roleauthoren
local.profile.roleauthoren
local.identifier.unepublicationidune:18008en
dc.identifier.academiclevelAcademicen
local.title.maintitleEvolution of Cranial Shape in Caecilians (Amphibiaen
local.output.categorydescriptionC1 Refereed Article in a Scholarly Journalen
local.search.authorSherratt, Emmaen
local.search.authorGower, David Jen
local.search.authorKlingenberg, Christian Peteren
local.search.authorWilkinson, Marken
local.uneassociationUnknownen
local.year.published2014en
local.subject.for2020310914 Vertebrate biologyen
local.subject.for2020310410 Phylogeny and comparative analysisen
local.subject.for2020310403 Biological adaptationen
local.subject.seo2020280102 Expanding knowledge in the biological sciencesen
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