Data and indicators for evidence-based livestock sector policies and investments

Abstract

Livestock sector policies' and investments' effectiveness is enhanced by their evidence base. However, the lack of mainstream literature on the information needs of decision-makers makes it difficult to appreciate the data and indicators necessary for effective policies and investments. This review systematizes the types of data and indicators that decision-makers need for effectively formulating and implementing policies and investments in the livestock sector through the various phases of the decision-making process. These span the large set of tasks associated with assessing the contribution of livestock to development, to identifying priority areas of investments, to monitoring and evaluation. Six domains for such data are identified and discussed, with key contributions from the literature identified. Basic data and indicators provide critical information to decision-makers, with statistical analyses linking inputs and outputs further improving the decision-making processes. However, these are rarely readily available to draft an evidence based policy implementation plan. Indeed, the implementation of policy reforms and investments usually co-occurs with some form of institutional change - new ways of doing things - which calls for changed behaviours for both implementers and beneficiaries. Elements of a statistical system that is largely effective in promoting sustainable development of the livestock sector generally is one that generates good quality livestock data and indicators representative of the country as a whole and major livestock production systems, uses inclusive participatory policy processes and consultation with experts, synthesizes existing experience and analysis, and uses both rigorous ex ante analysis and pilots to assist decision-makers in designing and executing policies and investments, and implementing monitoring and evaluation.