Soil moisture influences the development of 'Haemonchus contortus' and 'Trichostrongylus colubriformis' to third stage larvae

Saad, Khadijah; Kahn, Lewis; Walkden-Brown, Steve W; Bailey, Justin N; Bowers, Sara F

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.01.010

Author(s)

Saad, Khadijah

Kahn, Lewis

Walkden-Brown, Steve W

Bailey, Justin N

Bowers, Sara F

Publication Date

2013

Abstract

Two climate chamber experiments were conducted to determine the effect of varying initial soil moisture (0, 10 and 15%)) simulated rainfall amount (0, 12 and 24 mm) and simulated rainfall timing (days -1, 0 and 3 relative to faecal deposition) on development (day 14) of 'Haemonchus contortus' and 'Trichostrongylus colubriformis' to the third stage larvae (L3) and faecal moisture (FM). Increasing initial soil moisture content from 0 to 10 or 15% led to higher recovery of total L3 ('P' < 0.001). Total L3 recovery increased with each level of simulated rainfall ('P' < 0.001) in the ascending order of 0, 12 and 24 mm. There was an interaction between the effects of initial soil moisture and simulated rainfall amount on the recovery of total L3, showing that the benefit of increased simulated rainfall lessened with increasing soil moisture. Simulated rainfall on the day of deposition resulted in higher recovery of L3 ('P' < 0.001) than simulated rainfall on other days. FM on day 3 relative to faecal deposition was best associated with recovery of total 'H. contortus' and 'T. colubriformis' L3 (R² = 0.32–0.46), reinforcing the importance of sufficient moisture soon after faecal deposition. The effects of initial soil moisture, and the amount and timing of simulated rainfall on development to L3 were largely explained by changes to FM and soil moisture values within 4 days relative to faecal deposition. These results highlight the influence of soil moisture and its interaction with rainfall on development of 'H. contortus' and 'T. colubriformis' to L3. Consequently we recommend that soil moisture be given greater importance and definition in the conduct of ecological studies of parasitic nematodes, in order to improve predictions of development to L3.

Citation

Veterinary Parasitology, 196(1-2), p. 161-171

ISSN

1873-2550

0304-4017

Link

https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/14528

Language

en

Publisher

Elsevier BV

Title

Soil moisture influences the development of 'Haemonchus contortus' and 'Trichostrongylus colubriformis' to third stage larvae

Type of document

Journal Article

Entity Type

Publication

Author(s)	Saad, Khadijah Kahn, Lewis Walkden-Brown, Steve W Bailey, Justin N Bowers, Sara F
Publication Date	2013
Abstract	Two climate chamber experiments were conducted to determine the effect of varying initial soil moisture (0, 10 and 15%)) simulated rainfall amount (0, 12 and 24 mm) and simulated rainfall timing (days -1, 0 and 3 relative to faecal deposition) on development (day 14) of 'Haemonchus contortus' and 'Trichostrongylus colubriformis' to the third stage larvae (L3) and faecal moisture (FM). Increasing initial soil moisture content from 0 to 10 or 15% led to higher recovery of total L3 ('P' < 0.001). Total L3 recovery increased with each level of simulated rainfall ('P' < 0.001) in the ascending order of 0, 12 and 24 mm. There was an interaction between the effects of initial soil moisture and simulated rainfall amount on the recovery of total L3, showing that the benefit of increased simulated rainfall lessened with increasing soil moisture. Simulated rainfall on the day of deposition resulted in higher recovery of L3 ('P' < 0.001) than simulated rainfall on other days. FM on day 3 relative to faecal deposition was best associated with recovery of total 'H. contortus' and 'T. colubriformis' L3 (R² = 0.32–0.46), reinforcing the importance of sufficient moisture soon after faecal deposition. The effects of initial soil moisture, and the amount and timing of simulated rainfall on development to L3 were largely explained by changes to FM and soil moisture values within 4 days relative to faecal deposition. These results highlight the influence of soil moisture and its interaction with rainfall on development of 'H. contortus' and 'T. colubriformis' to L3. Consequently we recommend that soil moisture be given greater importance and definition in the conduct of ecological studies of parasitic nematodes, in order to improve predictions of development to L3.
Citation	Veterinary Parasitology, 196(1-2), p. 161-171
ISSN	1873-2550 0304-4017
Link	https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/14528
Language	en
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Title	Soil moisture influences the development of 'Haemonchus contortus' and 'Trichostrongylus colubriformis' to third stage larvae
Type of document	Journal Article
Entity Type	Publication

Soil moisture influences the development of 'Haemonchus contortus' and 'Trichostrongylus colubriformis' to third stage larvae

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