Frantz, Laurent A F

Haile, James

Lin, Audrey T

Scheu, Amelie

Geörg, Christina

Benecke, Norbert

Alexander, Michelle

Linderholm, Anna

Mullin, Victoria E

Daly, Kevin G

Battista, Vincent M

Price, Max

Gron, Kurt J

Alexandri, Panoraia

Arbogast, Rose-Marie

Arbuckle, Benjamin

Bӑlӑşescu, Adrian

Barnett, Ross

Bartosiewicz, László

Baryshnikov, Gennady

Bonsall, Clive

Borić, Dušan

Boroneanţ, Adina

Bulatović, Jelena

Çakirlar, Canan

Carretero, José-Miguel

Chapman, John

Church, Mike

Crooijmans, Richard

De Cupere, Bea

Detry, Cleia

Dimitrijevic, Vesna

Dumitraşcu, Valentin

du Plessis, Louis

Edwards, Ceiridwen J

Erek, Cevdet Merih

Erim-Özdoğan, Aslı

Ervynck, Anton

Fulgione, Domenico

Gligor, Mihai

Götherström, Anders

Gourichon, Lionel

Groenen, Martien A M

Helmer, Daniel

Hongo, Hitomi

Horwitz, Liora K

Irving-Pease, Evan K

Lebrasseur, Ophélie

Lesur, Joséphine

Malone, Caroline

Manaseryan, Ninna

Marciniak, Arkadiusz

Martlew, Holley

Mashkour, Marjan

Matthews, Roger

Matuzeviciute, Giedre Motuzaite

Maziar, Sepideh

Meijaard, Erik

McGovern, Tom

Megens, Hendrik-Jan

Miller, Rebecca

Mohaseb, Azadeh Fatemeh

Orschiedt, Jörg

Orton, David

Papathanasiou, Anastasia

Pearson, Mike Parker

Pinhasi, Ron

Radmanović, Darko

Ricaut, François-Xavier

Richards, Mike

Sabin, Richard

Sarti, Lucia

Schier, Wolfram

Sheikhi, Shiva

Stephan, Elisabeth

Stewart, John R

Stoddart, Simon

Tagliacozzo, Antonio

Tasić, Nenad

Trantalidou, Katerina

Tresset, Anne

Valdiosera, Cristina

van den Hurk, Youri

Van Poucke, Sophie

Vigne, Jean-Denis

Yanevich, Alexander

Zeeb-Lanz, Andrea

Triantafyllidis, Alexandros

Gilbert, M Thomas P

Schibler, Jörg

Rowley-Conwy, Peter

Zeder, Melinda

Peters, Joris

Cucchi, Thomas

Bradley, Daniel G

Dobney, Keith

Burger, Joachim

Evin, Allowen

Girdland-Flink, Linus

Larson, Greger

2019-08-27

<p>Archaeological evidence indicates that pig domestication had begun by ~10,500 y before the present (BP) in the Near East, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) suggests that pigs arrived in Europe alongside farmers ~8,500 y BP. A few thousand years after the introduction of Near Eastern pigs into Europe, however, their characteristic mtDNA signature disappeared and was replaced by haplotypes associated with European wild boars. This turnover could be accounted for by substantial gene flow from local Euro-pean wild boars, although it is also possible that European wild boars were domesticated independently without any genetic con-tribution from the Near East. To test these hypotheses, we obtained mtDNA sequences from 2,099 modern and ancient pig samples and 63 nuclear ancient genomes from Near Eastern and European pigs. Our analyses revealed that European domestic pigs dating from 7,100 to 6,000 y BP possessed both Near Eastern and European nuclear ancestry, while later pigs possessed no more than 4% Near Eastern ancestry, indicating that gene flow from European wild boars resulted in a near-complete disappearance of Near East ancestry. In addition, we demonstrate that a variant at a locus encoding black coat color likely originated in the Near East and persisted in European pigs. Altogether, our results indicate that while pigs were not independently domesticated in Europe, the vast majority of human-mediated selection over the past 5,000 y focused on the genomic fraction derived from the European wild boars, and not on the fraction that was selected by early Neolithic farmers over the first 2,500 y of the domestication process.</p>

National Academy of Sciences. Proceedings, 116(35), p. 17231-17238

1091-6490

0027-8424

31405970

https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/55827

en

National Academy of Sciences

Attribution 4.0 International

Ancient pigs reveal a near-complete genomic turnover following their introduction to Europe

Journal Article

Publication