This second volume of the Routledge International Handbook of Time Use Research illustrates the value and versatility of time use diary data in analysis. We present a wide-ranging selection of chapters illustrating the varied areas of substantive empirical research for which time use diary data has recently been used in research across the globe, including gender and life-course studies, research on employment and the labour force, care-giving, and contributions to the measurement of both population wellbeing and sustainable development goals. The aim is to provide a state-of-the-art overview of this burgeoning research endeavour, written by experts in these fields. The ‘Road map’ below sets out the structure and content in more detail.